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"long_name" : "山下町",
"short_name" : "山下町",
"types" : [ "political", "sublocality", "sublocality_level_2" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "中区",
"short_name" : "中区",
"types" : [ "political", "sublocality", "sublocality_level_1" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "横浜市",
"short_name" : "横浜市",
"types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "神奈川県",
"short_name" : "神奈川県",
"types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "日本",
"short_name" : "JP",
"types" : [ "country", "political" ]
},
{
"long_name" : "231-0023",
"short_name" : "231-0023",
"types" : [ "postal_code" ]
}
],
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}
Google Maps APIでお店のランキング表示をしてみると[PHP & GAS編]（1/3）
技術情報 PHP Google Apps Script Google Maps 作り方
更新日：2019/04/12
この記事は、2020年1月22日に一部内容を見直し再編集しました。
前回は、クライアントサイド・スクリプトであるJavaScriptからGoogle Maps APIを呼び出して、お店ランキング表示をしてみました。
今回は、サーバサイド・スクリプトで同じ機能を実装してみようと思います。
サーバサイド・スクリプトにもいろいろありますが、王道の「PHP」と注目株の「GAS」(Google Apps Script)の2つで組んでみましょう！
【おさらい！】
今回は、サーバサイド・スクリプトで同じ機能を実装してみようと思います。
サーバサイド・スクリプトにもいろいろありますが、王道の「PHP」と注目株の「GAS」(Google Apps Script)の2つで組んでみましょう！
【おさらい！】
Google Maps APIでお店のランキング表示をしてみると
Googleには、お店の口コミ情報が集まっていて、5段階評価の星表示もお店選びには役立ちますね。
欲を言うなら、評価順にランキング表示ができたら、サクッと評判のよいお店が探せるのに。
ということで今回は、Google Maps APIを使用して、お店のランキング表示をしてみましょう！
欲を言うなら、評価順にランキング表示ができたら、サクッと評判のよいお店が探せるのに。
ということで今回は、Google Maps APIを使用して、お店のランキング表示をしてみましょう！
技術情報 JavaScript Google Maps 作り方
サーバサイドでのGoogle Maps APIの呼び出し方
クライアントサイドでは、お店情報を取得するのに「Map JavaScript API」を介して「Places API」を呼び出す、といった回り道が必要でした。
一方で、サーバサイドでは、「Places API」のWebサービスを直接呼び出すことができます。
「Geocoding API」の場合も同様で、Webサービスを直接呼び出します。
従って、サーバサイドでお店情報を検索するのに必要なAPIは
Google API コンソールで、APIの有効化をお忘れなく。
一方で、サーバサイドでは、「Places API」のWebサービスを直接呼び出すことができます。
「Geocoding API」の場合も同様で、Webサービスを直接呼び出します。
従って、サーバサイドでお店情報を検索するのに必要なAPIは
- Places API
- Geocoding API
Google API コンソールで、APIの有効化をお忘れなく。
【Geocoding API】住所→緯度・経度
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?key={Google Maps APIのAPIキー}&address={検索場所}
上記のURLにアクセスすると、住所から緯度・経度を変換した結果がJSONデータとして取得できます。
例：「address=横浜中華街」の取得結果
※記事作成時点での結果です。
【Places API】緯度・経度→お店情報
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/json?key={Google Maps APIのAPIキー}&location={緯度},{経度}&radius={検索範囲(メートル)}&type={施設の種類}&keyword={検索キーワード}&language=ja
【編集注】
Places APIの結果が英語で取得されることが多くなったため、nearbysearchにパラメータ「language=ja」を追加しました。
Places APIの結果が英語で取得されることが多くなったため、nearbysearchにパラメータ「language=ja」を追加しました。
上記のURLにアクセスすると、指定の検索条件のお店情報がJSONデータとして取得できます。
例：「location=35.4423591,139.6463881&radius=500&type=restaurant&keyword=中華料理」の取得結果
※記事作成時点での結果です。
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"next_page_token" : "CrQCLwEAAL-fhmllJiuqr6vOQYq7Xi55PgUyb0h2NCSTG3YneUZh8-FuMEd77YphhNpA6CsWF6COw28oSZd5z5HiB9TeRB1HFtM9kklfaJOAFtvQLg4cKfKFrIZZET7Da0YfsrVrJtUYwFFSoGIc1fzkuRz8BhswYLOXLjUTYC2xY3UvTciRUtLXTZKenWwcDOWQzq4GUI2ZZxx_-57KtdcPv2MLz6JOHl7Ep0pQ1snj5v9fBPS1ytfQufHRTDKufbnfeST7JigN4heJAjg0Y0xxGVuyGi2MA7aesbYK_IsDxr0XrcylZBxq2OsxiQUA8686ewLNxRpmD_UIVYvYLRBlw5ehET7IqN23eZamGLq4djzR7WPwVRwAURC0rBy40CBqutj4CWD6cWMv_iqXgm0c0WaspP4SEGf28w0PsYHjoPzNiSR3Yh0aFI9kVs6mr244SP6kDEm2x_L5or8r",
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"lng" : 139.6474079
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}
},
"icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/restaurant-71.png",
"id" : "17f8f5ce53048589263237c09d73964e273e6703",
"name" : "王府井レストラン 宴会 個室 ランチ おすすめ ランキング 中華街 小籠包 人気 飲み放題",
"opening_hours" : {
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},
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"html_attributions" : [
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}
],
"place_id" : "ChIJkfSeBONcGGARxORXmw0LTw0",
"plus_code" : {
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"reference" : "ChIJkfSeBONcGGARxORXmw0LTw0",
"scope" : "GOOGLE",
"types" : [
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"opening_hours" : {
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},
"photos" : [
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"html_attributions" : [
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},
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"open_now" : false
},
"photos" : [
{
"height" : 3096,
"html_attributions" : [
"\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/114751693290921154024/photos\"\u003e小林美和\u003c/a\u003e"
],
"photo_reference" : "CmRaAAAAd4huTGLyZrCzJw_upH92nduHtWqlEc8zZ25k2y2VseT3MQLcX4Kt8T0kc9Dgq6baq9EJ8fcivv6myry-vEJ1uH436Z_bjPeTOaNKvJu487FnU3JnJ8WwFqGWV_l5iVM3EhAi0C6UM_hmw1R9OyqbSap5GhQkO5dcDyStUJCII1qG0hAY5fVc4w",
"width" : 5504
}
],
"place_id" : "ChIJw1hGovxcGGARXJ85TQqTmkk",
"plus_code" : {
"compound_code" : "CJVW+JP 横浜市、神奈川県",
"global_code" : "8Q7XCJVW+JP"
},
"price_level" : 3,
"rating" : 4.1,
"reference" : "ChIJw1hGovxcGGARXJ85TQqTmkk",
"scope" : "GOOGLE",
"types" : [ "restaurant", "point_of_interest", "food", "establishment" ],
"user_ratings_total" : 296,
"vicinity" : "横浜市中区山下町７７"
}
],
"status" : "OK"
}
nearbysearchの結果は、JavaScriptでの取得結果と同様に「最大60件取得可能で、20件ずつ取得される」という仕様があります。
次ページの情報を取得するには、取得したnext_page_tokenの値を使って、Webサービスを再アクセスします。
次ページの情報を取得するには、取得したnext_page_tokenの値を使って、Webサービスを再アクセスします。
【Places API】お店情報の次ページ情報を取得
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/json?key={Google Maps APIのAPIキー}&pagetoken={取得したnext_page_tokenの値}
この時、「連続してアクセスすると上手く取得できない」ので、2秒程間隔をおいてください。
（JavaScriptで次ページ取得する時は1秒程の間隔で大丈夫でしたが、サーバサイドでは2秒程の間隔がいるようです。）
（JavaScriptで次ページ取得する時は1秒程の間隔で大丈夫でしたが、サーバサイドでは2秒程の間隔がいるようです。）
さて、ちなみに・・・
サーバサイド・スクリプトでは「WebサービスのURLにアクセスすれば結果が取得できる」と述べましたが、それならばクライアントサイド・スクリプトのJavaScriptでもAjaxを使えばWebサービスのURLにアクセスできるのでは？と思われた方もいるでしょう。
はい、私も最初はそう思いました。
しかし、試してみれば分かりますが、JavaScriptからではエラーとなって結果が取得できません。
理由は、「JavaScriptでは、別ドメインのサイトからTEXT,XML,JSONデータを取得できない」という制約があるからです。（JavaScriptのクロスドメイン問題と言います。）
回避方法として、「JSONP」という形式でメッセージを受け渡しする方法があるのですが、Places APIやGeocoding APIではJSONPに対応していないようです。
サーバサイド・スクリプトでは「WebサービスのURLにアクセスすれば結果が取得できる」と述べましたが、それならばクライアントサイド・スクリプトのJavaScriptでもAjaxを使えばWebサービスのURLにアクセスできるのでは？と思われた方もいるでしょう。
はい、私も最初はそう思いました。
しかし、試してみれば分かりますが、JavaScriptからではエラーとなって結果が取得できません。
理由は、「JavaScriptでは、別ドメインのサイトからTEXT,XML,JSONデータを取得できない」という制約があるからです。（JavaScriptのクロスドメイン問題と言います。）
回避方法として、「JSONP」という形式でメッセージを受け渡しする方法があるのですが、Places APIやGeocoding APIではJSONPに対応していないようです。
では、実際にサーバサイド・スクリプトの「PHP」と「GAS」で、お店ランキング表示を実装してみましょう！